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Effects of Fructus Aurantii Extract on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Serum Parameters, and Fecal Microbiota in Finishing Pigs

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Gan, Haiqing 1 ; Lin, Qian 3 ; Xiao, Yecheng 1 ; Tian, Qiyu 2 ; Deng, Chao 4 ; Xie, Renjie 2 ; Li, Hongkun 2 ; Ouyang, Jiajie 2 ; Huang, Xingguo 2 ; Shan, Yang 1 ; Chen, Fengming 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Agr Prod Proc Inst, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China

2.Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Bast Fiber Crops, Changsha 410205, Peoples R China

4.Hunan Biol Electromech Vocat Tech Coll, Changsha 410127, Peoples R China

5.Changsha Med Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Tradit Chinese Med Agr Biogenom, Changsha 410219, Peoples R China

关键词： finishing pigs; Fructus Aurantii extract; nutrient apparent digestibility; serum parameters; fecal microbiota

期刊名称：ANIMALS （ 影响因子：2.7； 五年影响因子：3.2 ）

ISSN： 2076-2615

年卷期： 2024 年 14 卷 24 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Biochar undergoes significant transformations in soil as a result of chemical, physical, and biological processes. These alterations can impact its initial properties, influencing both its agronomic effectiveness and its capacity for carbon sequestration. Long-term observations of biochar-aging effects in soil are limited but highly relevant, as they provide a more realistic picture of the agronomic and societal benefits of biochar than short-term studies with relatively "fresh" biochar. This study aimed to describe the aging effects of biochar and their impact on a range of soil properties at a long-term biochar experiment in Bayreuth, Germany. For this purpose, soil and biochar samples were taken 13 years after application (two variants: 1. co-composted and 2. pristine biochar) and compared with a fresh variant in which the same unaged biochar was freshly mixed with the control soil. The soil quality parameters, pH and electrical conductivity, decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during biochar aging. Specifically, the pH dropped from 7.4 in freshly biochar-amended soil to 6.8 in the pristine aged biochar variant and 6.9 in the co-composted aged biochar variant. Electrical conductivity decreased from 217.0 S cm(-1) in the freshly amended soil to 81.1 mu S cm(-1) in the pristine aged variant and 87.6 mu S cm(-1) in the co-composted aged variant. Nitrogen retention was enhanced in the soil amended with co-composted aged biochar compared to the pristine aged biochar soil. Total nitrogen (TN) was higher at 1.94 g kg(-1) versus 1.57 g kg(-1) (p < 0.05), and ammonium-N (NH4+-N) was slightly elevated at 35.7 mg kg(-1) versus 33.0 mg kg(-1), although the difference was not statistically significant. The nitrate-N (NO3--N) content was significantly lower in all biochar-amended soil variants compared to the control soil. Total carbon (TC) levels decreased during biochar aging in all soil variants. However, the reduction was significantly lower in the co-composted aged biochar soil (25.0 g kg(-1)) compared to the pristine aged biochar soil (20.5 g kg(-1), p < 0.05). This study identified multiple aging effects on biochar following 13 years of exposure in loamy soil. Importantly, the results showed that compared to the amendment of pristine biochar, co-composting did not diminish the TC of the treated soil, and more N could be retained, 13 years after amendment. In fact, co-composting prior to soil application is recommended to fully realize the potential agronomic benefits.

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